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GNS Science Pleads Guilty Over 2019 Whakaari White Island Eruption Case

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gns science, whakaari white island eruption, 2019 volcanic eruptions, new zealand, volcanic activities, what happen on whakaari white island

gns science, whakaari white island eruption, 2019 volcanic eruptions, new zealand, volcanic activities, what happen on whakaari white island

GNS Science, New Zealand’s Earth-science research agency, has pleaded guilty to a workplace safety charge related to how it communicated volcanic risks to contractors before the fatal Whakaari White Island eruption in 2019. The eruption claimed the lives of 22 people and injured 25 others, mostly tourists.

The workplace safety charge is unrelated to the deaths resulting from the eruption. GNS Science, based in Lower Hutt, monitors the country’s active volcanoes and issues alert bulletins through GeoNet, a service that disseminates information to media, emergency-response agencies, and the public.

The charge against GNS Science was brought by WorkSafe New Zealand, the workplace health and safety regulator, in November 2020. The first charge, which accused GNS Science of inadequate communication of volcanic risks to the public, was dismissed in October 2022. The second charge focused on the agency’s failure to include helicopter pilots hired for fieldwork in its risk-assessment processes and adequately communicate the volcanic risk to them.

A roof, trees and snowdrifts covered with ashes from the erupting volcano Shiveluch are seen in the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia.  - Sputnik International, 1920, 22.04.2023

Emergency Declared in Kamchatka Villages Affected by Ashfall After Shiveluch Eruption

GNS Science has now pleaded guilty to a lesser charge, admitting that it did not sufficiently consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the helicopter operators, but denying the risk of death or serious injury.

The guilty plea emphasizes the importance of research agencies sharing risk assessments with those they hire for relevant work.

“That sort of information-sharing should be happening anyway, but this case is a reminder that [it] is required by health and safety law,” says Simon Connell, a lawyer and specialist in accident law at the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand.

Prior to the 2019 eruption, GNS Science transported its staff to Whakaari White Island by helicopter for fieldwork on multiple occasions. The penalty for the guilty plea, which could result in a fine of up to NZ$500,000 (approximately $303,663) will be determined in an August sentencing hearing.

Experts in the field stress the significance of conveying accurate information about safety conditions to those who may be unfamiliar with the risks. While professionals working with volcanoes are well aware of the hazards involved, it is crucial to ensure that this information is effectively communicated to contractors and other personnel. Risk assessments are common practice in research institutes, covering volunteers involved in fieldwork, and university approval is typically required for their participation.





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Apple Vision Pro: I Tried the New Mixed-Reality Headset



Our columnist was one of the first to try Apple’s new headset, which arrives early next year for $3,499



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New UN reports aim to avert continued social, economic and environmental ‘breakdown’

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He was speaking at UN Headquarters in New York, where he presented three new policy briefs on these themes to Member States. 

Serious challenges 

 “They touch on some of the most serious challenges we face – challenges that may determine whether we are able to achieve the vision of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, or whether we continue towards a future of continued social, financial, political and environmental breakdown,” he said. 

The briefs are intended to inform discussions ahead of the crunch SDG Summit in September, marking the midpoint towards achieving the Goals, and the related Summit of the Future next year. 

They are the latest in a series of 11 briefs based on proposals contained in Our Common Agenda, the Secretary-General’s 2021 report that outlines a vision for future global cooperation and multilateral action. 

Equitable finance system 

Mr. Guterres has frequently spoken about the need to reform the international financial architecture to make it more resilient, equitable, and accessible to all

The current system, established under the Bretton Woods Agreement nearly 80 years ago – “when many of today’s developing and emerging economies were under colonial rule” – is supposed to represent the world but doesn’t, he said. 

The COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath also revealed how the system “largely failed” in fulfilling its core mandate as a financial safety net, with many developing countries now facing deep financial crisis and debt relief at a standstill. 

“Africa now spends more on debt service costs than on healthcare,” he remarked. 

The City of London, a historic financial district, in England.

The City of London, a historic financial district, in England.

Addressing historic injustices 

The policy brief sets out proposals to address historic injustices and systemic bias and covers six areas, including global economic governance, debt relief and the cost of sovereign borrowing, and international public finance.  

“Overall, the proposals in the brief are aimed at moving away from a system that benefits the rich and prioritizes short-term gains, towards one that is equitable, and invests up-front in the SDGs, climate action, and future generations,” he said. 

Measures put forward include expanding the boards of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund “to strengthen the voice and representation of developing countries”. 

Oversight body 

There should also be “a representative apex body” overseeing the entire system, to enhance its coherence and align priorities with the 2030 Agenda, as well as a Debt Workout Mechanism which would link development financing with commercial creditors.   

Another proposal calls for “the massive scaling up of development and climate financing, in part by changing the business model of multilateral development banks and transforming their approach to risk, to massively leverage private finance at reasonable cost to developing countries.”  

Going beyond GDP

Turning to the second policy brief, Mr. Guterres noted that although GDP will continue to be an important metric, it must be accompanied by other ways to measure progress. 

“There is a growing recognition that GDP overlooks human activities that sustain life and contribute to well-being, while placing disproportionate value on those that damage us and deplete our planet,” he said. 

“Human progress depends on many factors, from levels of poverty and hunger, to inequality and social cohesion, and vulnerability to climate breakdown and other shocks,” he explained. 

In Mozambique's Nampula province, children paint a mural highlighting the negative impact of child marriage.

In Mozambique’s Nampula province, children paint a mural highlighting the negative impact of child marriage.

Reflect common values 

The policy brief first proposes that countries “make a political commitment to a conceptual framework that accurately values what matters for people, the planet, and the future.”  

The goal would be on achieving three outcomes: a focus on well-being and agency, respect for life and the planet, and reduced inequalities, and developing related metrics. 

New indicators of progress 

“GDP is concise. It summarizes information in an intuitive manner that tells a story. But well-being, equality, and environmental sustainability cannot be addressed by a single snapshot,” Mr. Guterres said, underlining the need for “a broader set of indicators to monitor and analyse progress and recognize trade-offs and consequences”. 

The policy brief further calls for a massive step-up in support to help countries develop the data capacity necessary to make any new metrics operational, which will also improve monitoring progress towards achieving the SDGs.  

Greater digital cooperation 

The final brief proposes a vision for digital cooperation that is anchored in human rights and protects against risks and harms.  It also underscores the need for a Global Digital Compact, one of the recommendations in the Our Common Agenda report. 

The brief comes at a time of “exponential acceleration” in technology – including in areas such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), deep fakes and bioengineering.  At the same time, access remains unequal, as highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Meanwhile, control of digital technologies has brought huge wealth to a select few individuals and companies. Governments and regulators have struggled to respond, leading to lack of trust in regulatory institutions.   

Information technology has 'leapt forward' over the past 30 years.

Information technology has ‘leapt forward’ over the past 30 years.

Mitigate new tech risks 

The Secretary-General also pointed to the challenge presented by the increasing and now widespread use of generative AI, such as ChatGPT, the future impact of which is unclear.  

He said although AI could potentially “turbocharge development and productivity”, including towards achieving the SDGs, it also presents serious ethical challenges

Global Digital Compact 

“The prospect of further technological progress now often inspires fear rather than hope,” he continued.   

“There is an urgent need for governments to come together in a Global Digital Compact, to mitigate the risks of digital technologies, and identify ways to harness their benefits for the good of humanity.” 

The Compact would provide a framework to align national, regional and industry approaches around global priorities, principles and objectives.   

The brief also identifies areas for urgent global action, including scaling up access, building digital public infrastructure and supporting public administrations to regulate technology.  

Mr. Guterres reiterated his proposal for a High-Level Advisory Body for Artificial Intelligence to review AI governance arrangements so that they can align with human rights, the rule of law and the common good. 

Policy brief update 

The Secretary-General has been releasing a series of policy briefs that offer more detail on some of the proposals contained in Our Common Agenda

Eight out of 11 have been published to date, covering themes such as acting now for future generations, youth engagement in decision-making process,  strengthening international response to complex global shocks, and harnessing the benefits of outer space for all humanity. 

 

 

 



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Russian Foreign Minister Talks About Europe, Ukraine, US in Tajikistan

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tajikistan, sergey lavrov, 201st russian military base, ukraine conflict, russian special operation, afghanistan

tajikistan, sergey lavrov, 201st russian military base, ukraine conflict, russian special operation, afghanistan

During a speech to staff at a Russian military base, Lavrov noted that anti-Russian plans of the West will never come true.

“We are aware of the plans that the West is not just planning, but openly announced in relation to our country… No one doubts that these plans will not come true,” stated Lavrov.

Lavrov further indicated that the West is always looking to open a second or even third front against Russia, including in Central Asia.

The West is constantly looking for additional directions from which to irritate the Russia, open the second and third fronts,” said Lavrov, adding that Central Asia is also being considered as a potential front against Russia in addition to South Caucasus.

Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov speaks during a news conference at the United Nations, Tuesday April 25, 2023. - Sputnik International, 1920, 05.06.2023

Russia’s Lavrov to Hold Talks With Tajik President, Foreign Minister
Lavrov also took the opportunity to mention that the US is not interested in seeing peace and calm in Afghanistan, adding that Washington supports terrorist groups.

“The US actively supports the Daesh* who remain in Afghanistan, and Al-Qaeda** and other terrorist structures affiliated with them. The goal is simple – not to allow Afghanistan to calm down,” said Russian FM.

Lavrov also highlighted the fact that Europe has decided to wage a war against Russia, and Moscow needs to achieve its goals in this war.

“Our concept of foreign policy says that Europe has chosen the path of war with us. … Therefore, of course, we still have to live together with them side by side, but if this is a war, then we must achieve our goals,” said Lavrov. The minister also said that Europe is seeking to get something that does not belong to them, while Russia wants “what is ours.”

Russian top diplomat also stated that delivering F-16 jets to Ukraine is another escalation as the fighter has one modification that is nuclear-capable.
According to Lavrov, nothing is ruled out when it comes to Western military aid to Ukraine.

“They have already proved this when, after modern long-range guns, after tanks, they are now seriously preparing the F-16s … they are preparing to continue the escalation of the war. There is a lot of talk about where these planes will take off from … We must bear in mind that one of the modifications of the F-16 can actually carry a nuclear weapon.”

In conclusion, Lavrov pointed out that “the determination has accumulated [in Russia] never to be led by the rules that Washington imposes. For a long time, if not quickly, but steadily, it [the US] is losing its role, more and more countries are disappointed in them.”
Lavrov is also scheduled to meet with Tajik President Emomali Rahmon and hold talks with his Tajik counterpart Sirodjiddin Mukhriddin. The Russian foreign minister’s visit will last two days, during which he will also address the Russian-Tajik University.

*Daesh (also known as ISIS/ISIL/IS) is a terrorist group banned in Russia

**Al-Qaeda is a terrorist organization banned in Russia and many other countries.





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Linux Foundation & RISC-V International Launch RISC-V Fundamentals Course

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First Person: ‘Born fighting’ for rights of Black Brazilians

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Organized under the theme, Realizing the dream: A UN declaration on the promotion, protection and full respect of the human rights of people of African descent, the Permanent Forum heard from experts and leaders from around the world, including Ms. Nascimento, explaining the challenges they have faced, and the dreams they have for the future.

Her dream is for Black women to “break away from the madness” and “have the power and possibility to decide”.

Activist Valdecir Nascimento at the second session of the Permanent Forum on People of African Descent.

Activist Valdecir Nascimento at the second session of the Permanent Forum on People of African Descent.

“My whole life has been dedicated to the racial struggle. My encounter with the Black movement was a turning point for me. I was 19 or 20 years old when I found the movement.

I went looking for a barber shop to cut all my hair because my straight hair no longer fit me. I could not continue with those aesthetics after what the movement told me.

My whole life is attached to this relationship: the existence of the Black movement, as a subject.

‘Born fighting’

I was born in the stilt houses of Alagados in Bahia during the first stilt house occupation in Latin America. What brought me to the global level was essentially being born in that place, and knowing that you are born fighting.

If the real colonized Brazil was born in the northeast, we experienced processes, including the liberation and autonomy struggle, much earlier on than in the southeast.

When the resources come and if resources are limited, they get taken away. Resources are not always distributed based on regional struggles. Resources also get distributed according to narratives folks want to hear. And I used to say, and I used to talk to Nilma Mendes, who is a colleague from Belém do Pará, from those days in the 1980s.

She used to ask me, ‘Val, how many enemies do you make a day?’ I said to her, with my eyes filled with tears, that where I came from, I learned that we can’t just let anyone walk all over us.

Empowering Black Women: Valdecir Nascimento’s Vision for Equality

‘This is my dream’

Part of my dreams for Black women of today, still have not come true the way I would like, but they slowly are.

I want Black women of today to break away from this madness that we are all goddesses, and we need to come up with all solutions for the world.

We are not all goddesses and don’t need to come up with all solutions for the world. We can enjoy life, and life can be the simplest thing in the world, but I want us to have the power and possibility to decide.

This is my dream.”

Poster for a meeting on Black rights in Brazil in 1987.

Poster for a meeting on Black rights in Brazil in 1987.



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How to install the iOS 17 developer beta on your iPhone right now


download-ios-17

Jason Cipriani/ZDNET

Apple just announced the next major software update for the iPhone in the form of iOS 17. The update includes several new features, including the ability to share AirTags and improvements to the Phone app

Also: Here’s every iPhone model that will get Apple’s iOS 17

After the keynote ended, Apple released the first beta of iOS 17. As has been the case in the past, the first build is a developer beta. Traditionally, Apple has released a couple of developer betas before opening the public beta program. 

What’s the difference? Developers get a head start on testing the latest software features and APIs against their apps and on various devices in order to ensure compatibility when iOS 17 is released later this year. Access to the developer beta also requires a paid developer account. 

If you’re impatient and don’t want to wait for iOS 17’s official release later this year, you can download and install it right now. It’s the first beta, which is surely going to have some issues. But, it is possible. 

Also: Apple just announced a ton of software features at WWDC. Here’s everything new

Before I detail the steps you’ll need to take to install iOS 17 today, I need to warn you: Don’t install iOS 17 on your daily phone. If you have an older iPhone sitting idle in a drawer — install it on that. Early betas are typically full of bugs and issues, including horrible battery life. There’s a reason Apple only releases it to developers to start. I suggest waiting until later in the beta cycle, late August or so, before taking the plunge. 

Now, with that out of the way, here’s how to install iOS 17 on your iPhone. If you’re brave enough. 

How to install the first iOS 17 beta

The public beta is for, well, the general public. It’s free to join and install, and you’re able to provide feedback through the official Feedback app when you encounter bugs or issues. 

Also: Meet Apple’s Vision Pro headset: Price, features, release date, and everything else to know

If you’re a paid developer, you can view the instructions for updating your device to the iOS 17 Developer Beta. The process has changed, and unlike previous years, you can download and install the first beta over the air, directly on your device. Or you can go the old-school route and download the restored images from the developer portal. 

For everyone else, I’ll update this story once the public beta program launches with instructions that cover that process.





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Critical humanitarian situation in Central African Republic

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Of this number, 2.4 million “have needs so severe and complex that their survival and dignity is at risk,” Mohamed Ag Ayoya, UN Humanitarian Coordinator in the CAR, told journalists in Geneva. 

The conflict in neighbouring Sudan has further exacerbated needs, and a $465 million humanitarian plan for the country was amended to include support for some 25,000 Sudanese and CAR nationals fleeing the fighting, as well as local communities hosting them. 

“Our priority remains assisting the most vulnerable sections of the Central African society,” he said. “In addition, we will continue to support those suffering from the consequences of the conflict in Sudan, both from the displaced and host community.” 

Displacement, floods and underdevelopment 

Mr. Ag Ayoya provided a background to the humanitarian crisis in the CAR.   

Repeated military confrontations between various armed groups have uprooted one in five people from their homes, forcing them to find refuge elsewhere in the country or across the border. 

Flooding last year also affected more than 100,000 people, almost three times more than on previous occasions, and more than 6,000 homes were destroyed. 

“The country is also marked by decades of lack of investments in adequate socio-economic infrastructures, services and livelihoods,” he added.  

Basic services are often unavailable to the population, worsening people’s living conditions and eroding their resilience to the point that a large majority is forced to adopt negative coping mechanisms.” 

A ‘devastating human cost’ 

As a result, three out of five citizens lack access to safe drinking water and sanitation, and only 55 per cent of children complete elementary school.   

There is also a “devastating human cost” as every hour, two women or girls fall victim to gender-based violence.  Nearly 5,000 cases were reported in the first quarter of the year alone. 

War and pandemic pressures 

The humanitarian situation has worsened due to the conflict in neighbouring Sudan, he reported. Vulnerable families were already finding it hard to meet their basic needs due to the combined impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the fallout from the Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

“The arrival of nearly 14,000 Sudanese asylum seekers and Central African repatriates in the northeast, as well as the end of commercial traffic across the border, puts additional pressure on the limited resources available to the 130,000 extremely vulnerable people in the region,” Mr. Ag Ayoya said. 

Racing against time 

He also highlighted the difficulties in delivering humanitarian aid in the CAR, which “is often a race against time and a volatile security situation.”    

During the rainy season, large parts of the country are inaccessible by road, requiring air lifts, while “since 2022, approximately every second day, an aid worker experiences violence or a security incident.” 

Despite these challenges, humanitarian partners continue to find ways to support vulnerable communities, he said. 

Mobilizing for emergencies 

They reached nearly two million people in 2022, or more than 90 per cent of those targeted, and 658,000 people during the first three months of this year alone. 

Aid partners are also quick to mobilize in the face of emergencies, he added. 

“In the first few weeks after the start of to the conflict in Sudan, humanitarian partners prepositioned 155 tons of emergency cargo in the northeast ahead of the start of the rainy season and have since distributed live-saving assistance,” he said. 

An addendum to the 2023 Humanitarian Response Plan for the CAR was also developed.

This was done to reflect additional budgetary needs of $69 million to assist some 25,000 people fleeing the fighting – both Sudanese citizens and returning nationals – and roughly 25,000 members of host communities. 

 

 



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Conservatives to Block Federal Budget Unless Trudeau’s Meets Their Key Demands – Poilievre

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justin trudeau, canada, pierre poilievre, conservative party (canada)

justin trudeau, canada, pierre poilievre, conservative party (canada)

WASHINGTON (Sputnik) – Conservative Party Leader Pierre Poilievre said his party would block the 2023 federal budget unless Prime Minister Justin Trudeau present a plan for its balance and commits to not increasing the carbon tax.

“Today we’re here to talk about our two demands to reverse the inflationary crisis Justin Trudeau has caused, two demands that we will fight for including by putting forward 900 amendments to the forthcoming liberal budget debate. We are going to stop the budget unless they meet two conditions,” Poilievre said in a press conference on Monday

The first condition set forth by the conservative party, is to demand that Trudeau’s Liberal government tables a plan to balance the budget and bring down inflation and interests’ rates.

Secondly, as the government reportedly plans on increasing the carbon tax on fossil fuels to C$0.61 ($0.45), Poilievre is requesting from Trudeau that he holds upon a promise he had previously made, about not increasing the tax above C$0.14.

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau testifies before the Public Order Emergency Commission public inquiry on November 25, 2022, in Ottawa. - Sputnik International, 1920, 19.04.2023

Report: Trudeau Told NATO Canada Will Never Meet Bloc’s Military Spending Objective

Poilievre said that Canadians cannot allow themselves to pay an additional 47% in carbon taxes which in turn will increase the prices of groceries and heating.

The official leader of the opposition added that his party would fight until those two demands are met by Trudeau, further pledging to use all available procedural tools, including 900 amendments and long speeches, to block the budget from passing.





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Study shows promising treatment for tinnitus: An innovative treatment device tackles the hissing sound of silence

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Tinnitus, the ringing, buzzing or hissing sound of silence, varies from slightly annoying in some to utterly debilitating in others. Up to 15% of adults in the United States have tinnitus, where nearly 40% of sufferers have the condition chronically and actively seek relief.

A recent study from researchers at the University of Michigan’s Kresge Hearing Research Institute suggests relief may be possible.

Susan Shore, Ph.D., Professor Emerita in Michigan Medicine’s Department of Otolaryngology and U-M’s Departments of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, led research on how the brain processes bi-sensory information, and how these processes can be harnessed for personalized stimulation to treat tinnitus.

Her team’s findings were published in JAMA Network Open.

The study, a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, recruited 99 individuals with somatic tinnitus, a form of the condition in which movements such as clenching the jaw, or applying pressure to the forehead, result in a noticeable change in pitch or loudness of experienced sounds. Nearly 70% of tinnitus sufferers have the somatic form.

According to Shore, candidates with bothersome, somatic tinnitus, as well as normal-to-moderate hearing loss, were eligible to participate.

“After enrollment, participants received a portable device developed and manufactured by in2being, LLC, for in-home use,” she said. “The devices were programmed to present each participant’s personal tinnitus spectrum, which was combined with electrical stimulation to form a bi-sensory stimulus, while maintaining participant and study team blinding.”

Study participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group received bi-sensory, or active, treatment first, while the second received sound-alone, or control, treatment.

For the first six weeks, participants were instructed to use their devices for 30 minutes each day. The next six weeks gave participants a break from daily use, followed by six more weeks of the treatment not received in the beginning of the study.

Shore notes that every week, participants completed the Tinnitus Functional Index, or TFI, and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, or THI, which are questionnaires that measure the impact tinnitus has on individuals’ lives. Participants also had their tinnitus loudness assessed during this time.

The team found that when participants received the bi-sensory treatment, they consistently reported improved quality of life, lower handicap scores and significant reductions in tinnitus loudness. However, these effects were not seen when receiving sound-only stimulation.

Further, more than 60% of participants reported significantly reduced tinnitus symptoms after the six weeks of active treatment, but not control treatment. This is consistent with an earlier study by Shore’s team, which showed that the longer participants received active treatment, the greater the reduction in their tinnitus symptoms.

“This study paves the way for the use of personalized, bi-sensory stimulation as an effective treatment for tinnitus, providing hope for millions of tinnitus sufferers,” said Shore.

Auricle Inc., the exclusive licensee of the patents related to the bi-sensory stimulation, was launched with the help of Innovation Partnerships, the central hub of research commercialization activity at the University of Michigan. Auricle will work towards gaining regulatory clearance and then commercializing Shore’s novel bi-sensory tinnitus treatment.



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